IN the heroic Latin hexameter, after the essential alternation of long and short syllables, by far the most important feature is unquestionably the caesura. Nevertheless, ancient writers on metre dismiss it with the most cursory notice; all we get from them is that the chief caesura is the penthemimeral, the trochaic and hephthemimeral coming next; the fourth trochaic and the bucolic are usually rejected, and the trihemimeral is mentioned only by Ausonius, Modern writers, among whom are Müller and Winbolt, deal (...) with the question at greater length, but do not agree even on fundamental points, and often base their statements on an insufficient analysis of the extant remains of Latin hexameter verse. The purpose of the following paper is to attempt a more complete analysis, at least in the case of Virgil, the acknowledged master of the Latin hexameter. But before we proceed further there are two preliminaries which must be settled—what are the main types of caesura, and how many caesurae are admissible in one verse? (shrink)

Progressive supranuclear palsy is a movement disorder with prominent tau neuropathology. Brain diseases with abnormal tau deposits are called tauopathies, the most common of which is Alzheimer's disease. Environmental causes of tauopathies include repetitive head trauma associated with some sports. To identify common genetic variation contributing to risk for tauopathies, we carried out a genome-wide association study of 1,114 individuals with PSP and 3,247 controls followed by a second stage in which we genotyped 1,051 cases and 3,560 controls for the (...) stage 1 SNPs that yielded P ≤ 10-3. We found significant previously unidentified signals associated with PSP risk at STX6, EIF2AK3 and MOBP. We confirmed two independent variants in MAPT affecting risk for PSP, one of which influences MAPT brain expression. The genes implicated encode proteins for vesicle-membrane fusion at the Golgi-endosomal interface, for the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response and for a myelin structural component. © 2011 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved. (shrink)

Nature of the problem: Testimony from scientists. Reflex action and theism (1881) by W. James. The organization of thought (1916) by A.N. Whitehead. The changing scientific scene 1900-1950 (1952) by J.B. Conant. A note on methods of analysis (1943) by H.J. Muller. The way things are (1959) by P.W. Bridgman. A definition of style (1948) by J.R. Oppenheimer.--Consequences of the problem: Testimony from artists and writers. Existentialism (1947) by J.-P. Sartre. The testimony of modern art (1957) by W. Barrett. (...) Parts of speech and punctuation (1935) by G. Stein. The waves (1931) by V. Woolf. The imperfect paradise, by W. Stevens. A note on style and the limits of language, by W. Gibson. (shrink)

Zusammenfassung „G[ottes]L[ehre] in gewisser Beziehung = W[issenschafts]L[ehre]“ (GA II/7: 381). So lautet 1805 in nuce Fichtes Verhältnisbestimmung von transzendentaler und (modern:) theologischer Reflexion, die sich so wesensverwandt gegenüberstehen. Während die Wissenschaftslehre in gewisser Beziehung theologische Rationalität wird, verdankt sich gerechtfertigte Theologie immer schon transzendentaler Rationalität. Es ist zu zeigen, dass diese spezifische Theologie, die Fichte damals vor Augen hatte, seit ihrem Aufkommen im 19. Jahrhundert, die sogenannte Fundamentaltheologie ist. Wissenschaftslehre und Fundamentaltheologie sind Grundlagenwissenschaften. Die folgenden Überlegungen gehen einerseits historisch fünf (...) Figuren (Pentatomie) der Rezeptionsgeschichte der Wissenschaftslehre in der Fundamentaltheologie nach, um eine Zwischenbilanz zu geben, die in einen Ausblick mündet. Andererseits wird systematisch die These dargelegt und unterlegt, dass Fundamentaltheologie heute nicht mehr auskommt, ohne in gewisser Beziehung zur Wissenschaftslehre zu stehen; ebenso ist in gewisser Beziehung die Wissenschaftslehre fähig und ist ihr inhärent, fundamentaltheologische Logoumena auszuweisen. Es gilt, u. a. folgenden Fragen betreffend transzendentale Gotteslehre nachzugehen: Warum ist das Offenlegen von Enthymemen so wichtig? Wie lässt sich Normativität begründen? Wie steht es um die Wichtigkeit von Aufzeigen (demonstratio), Beweisen und Begründen? Warum ist das ‚deum loqui‘ nicht mehr auszuschliessen von einer allgemeinen Wissenschaftstheorie? (shrink)

Gert H. Müller The growth of the number of publications in almost all scientific areas,· as in the area of (mathematical) logic, is taken as a sign of our scientifically minded culture, but it also has a terrifying aspect. In addition, given the rapidly growing sophistica tion, specialization and hence subdivision of logic, researchers, students and teachers may have a hard time getting an overview ofthe existing literature, partic ularly if they do not have an extensive library available in their (...) neighbourhood: they simply do not even know what to ask for! More specifically, if someone vaguely knows that something vaguely connected with his interests exists some where in the literature, he may not be able to find it even by searching through the publications scattered in the review journals. Answering this challenge was and is the central motivation for compiling this Bibliography. The Bibliography comprises (presently) the following six volumes (listed with the corresponding Editors): I. Classical Logic W. Rautenberg II. Non-c1assical Logics W. Rautenberg IH. Model Theory H. -D. Ebbinghaus IV. Recursion Theory P. G. Hinman V. Set Theory A. R. Blass VI. ProofTheory; Constructive Mathematics J. E. Kister; D. van Dalen & A. S. Troelstra. (shrink)

In this book G. W. Leibniz presents not only his reflections on predestination and election but also a more detailed account of the problem of evil than is found in any of his other works apart from the _Theodicy_. Surprisingly, his _Dissertation on Predestination and Grace_ has never before been published in any form. Michael J. Murray's project of translating, editing, and providing commentary for the volume will therefore attract great interest among scholars and students of Leibniz's philosophy and theology. (...) Leibniz addresses such topics as free will, moral responsibility, divine causation, justice, punishment, divine foreknowledge, and human freedom, revealing crucial aspects of the genesis of his mature metaphysics and the theological motivations behind it. (shrink)